Physics 322a-2007 Solid State Physics Walter F. Smith Haverford College
Assignment 6
Due: Friday, Oct. 26 at 4 pm (Turn in to envelope outside my office.)
Reading: Livingston Ch. 12
Assigned exercises (except as noted, these are group problems, i.e. you may work on them with other students in small groups)
Livingston 1-1 (individual problem)
(use the Fermi velocity for silver, 1.396 m/s, instead of
the thermal velocity) Note: The
abbreviation “mol” stands for “mole”, i.e. 6.02223 atoms. The abbreviation “cc” stands for “cubic
centimeters”.
6A. For the setup of problem 1.1, calculate the drift velocity. Express this as a percentage of the Fermi velocity.
Livingston 1.4 (Individual problem)
6B. (Adapted from Livingston 1-7) A composite material is made of alternating thin layers of copper (resistivity 1.69-6 W-cm) and a niobium-titanium alloy (resistivity 7-5 W-cm) of equal thickness. Assume the layers are parallel to the x-y plane.
a. What is the resistivity of this composite for current flowing in the x-direction?
b. For current flowing in the x-direction, what fraction of the current is carried by the copper?
c. For current flowing in the x-direction, how do the electric fields in the two phases compare?
d. What is the resistivity of this composite for current flowing in the z-direction?
e. For current flowing in the z-direction, how do the electric fields in the two phases compare?
f. Under what conditions will the applied electric field and the current be non-parallel for this composite? Explain.
Livingston 1-11 (Individual problem)
6C. Individual problem. The sheet resistance, R¨ . Consider a square sheet of material, with side length L, thickness d, and electrical resistivity r. The resistance measured between opposite edges of the sheet is called the sheet resistance, R¨ . It is also called “R per square”.
a. Find an expression for R¨ in terms of the other quantities above, and show that it is independent of L. (Hint: this is pretty trivial.) This property is what makes R a handy tool for characterizing a thin film of material.
b. If the sheet is very thin, then the surfaces
of the sheet become the dominant sources of elastic scattering. In this limit,
, where vF is the Fermi velocity. Show that, in this limit, the Drude model
gives R¨
.