On "Glory Of Women" by Siegfried Sassoon
Alex Lehr (29 September 1999): English 354/Finley
(See peer comments by Maikel O'Hanlon)
One of the great ironies of the World War I experience was the difference in understanding of the conflict between soldiers and women still in England. Much has been made of the incredible ignorance which marked prewar England, following a century of relative peace. English society as a whole was grossly unprepared psychologically for total war, and the experience of the soldiers was first and foremost a loss of innocence. The fighting men matured quickly in the trenches, and gained a realistic and apocalyptic understanding of war. At home meanwhile, the evidence of the stark reality of war was kept hidden: bodies were left in France, reports from the front were little more than whitewashed propaganda, and the country was swept up in a mass labor mobilization which added pride to everyday work. Knitting became, for the women of England, a patriotic action, equal in importance to actually fighting abroad. True understanding of the war was sacrificed in favor of nationalism and optimism. In his brief, direct, and powerful poem, Sassoon presents and laments this veil of ignorance, beneath which the Englishwomen still live, and from which he and his fellow soldiers have been torn. These women, Sassoon asserts, are in love with a dream. They "worship decorations" which their soldiers earn with suffering, because they believe that this suffering is honorable, the very "chivalry" which "redeems the war's disgrace". The war itself is, for Sassoon, a monstrous atrocity, and the simple act of memorialization through medals, honors, and manipulated stories of glory cannot counterbalance the horrific reality of the solders' situation. Physically, the women's role is to "make us shells". Ostensibly to help bring about a successful end to the war, this action in fact serves a different purpose in the poem. The shells (as a symbol, be they German or English) are the agents of the soldiers' suffering, and the women eagerly set themselves to ensuring a steady supply of shells, prolonging the conflict, killing and wounding more men, and thereby creating more heroes, whose "laurelled memories" they proudly mourn. Interestingly, Sassoon chooses, in this poem, not to depict the harsh landscape of war very much at all. In fact, the poem has very little locality: there is no description of the filthy trench in which he writes, nor the shattering explosions of shells which punctuate his daily routine. On the contrary, his voice is more one of commentary than narrative. Only in the last few lines do we get a picture of the contrasting points of view of the soldiers and the women. He shows us the German soldier, killed in the field, being trampled by the retreating English. His mother sits comfortably at home, happily and proudly knitting him socks, while "His face is trodden deeper in the mud". What honor can be assigned this terrible death? Certainly none, and how can one romanticize the actions taking place? The English retreat, in a desperate flight following a failed offensive, stomping carelessly on the bodies of fallen soldiers- the same ones whose death has been memorialized honorably in the minds of the women back home. Rather than be terrified as the soldiers are, the women are "by tales of dirt and danger fondly thrilled". Ultimately, the aspect of war which Sassoon rails against here is not so much the horror of battle itself, but rather the rift in understanding between the Western and the home front, and the subsequent lack of real support he receives from the women on whose compassion he relies.